However, as sailing day approached Captain Edward Smith made Henry Wilde his Chief Officer and Lightoller became the Second Officer. When Titanic sailed from her last port at Queenstown, Ireland on 11 April she was carrying 2,224 passengers and crew, expecting to dock in New York on 17 April.Īt around 11.40pm on 14 April Lightoller was about to fall asleep having been on duty when he felt a grinding vibration. Lightoller was onboard Titanic two weeks before it’s maiden voyage and sailed as First Officer for its sea trials. In early 1912 he received his next assignment: RMS Titanic. By 1907 he had been promoted to First Officer on the ships SS Majestic and RMS Oceanic. Lightoller qualified as a Mate aged 21 in 1895. The Chief Mate was killed and the survivors were marooned on the island for eight days before being rescued. Holt Hill ran aground on the tiny island of Île Saint-Paul in the Indian Ocean on 13 November 1889. Charles Lightoller was Titanic’s Second Officer
After a year he was serving on the Holt Hill and it was on this vessel that he found himself involved in a shipwreck for the first time. His maritime career began at the age of 13 in February 1888 when he undertook a four-year apprenticeship at sea. Lightoller was born in Chorley, Lancashire on 30 March 1874. The most senior surviving crewmember of the disaster was Second Officer Charles Lightoller, a man who led an action-packed life both before and after that fateful night. Thanks to an insufficient number of lifeboats around 1,500 people drowned or froze to death in the icy waters. Nevertheless Titanic sunk during its maiden voyage from Southampton to New York when it struck an iceberg in the mid-Atlantic Ocean. Widely believed to be unsinkable, it was the largest ship afloat in the world when it was launched in 1912. And first- and second-class passengers may have benefited from the extra time in which they may have had earlier or better information from the crew or had other advantages.The sinking of RMS Titanic is one of the most infamous events in maritime history. The passengers generally held to the rule of "women and children first" even though they could have easily overpowered the crew. The Titanic, though, sank slowly enough for social norms to hold sway. In addition, because there were difficulties in launching those boats, people in that age group would have had an additional advantage because they were more likely to have had the strength and agility to stay on board a rocking boat or to climb back in after falling into the water. The ship was going down and people reacted selfishly, and in such a situation, it would be expected that people in their prime (16 to 35) would be the most likely to win a seat on a lifeboat. The passengers of the Lusitania had less than 20 minutes before their ship sank, and in such a life-and-death situation, social scientists say, "self-interested reactions predominate." It didn't matter what the captain ordered. What happened? The researchers say it all comes down to time. First-class passengers fared the best on the Titanic but the worst-even worse than third-class passengers-on the Lusitania. On the Lusitania, both women and men aged 16 to 35 were the most likely to have lived through the incident. On the Titanic, women aged 16 to 35 (child-bearing age) were more likely to survive than other age groups, as were children and people with children. The composition of the survivors was very different, though. And both ships had a similar survival rate. On the Lusitania, the ship listed to starboard after being struck by the torpedo and the crew was unable to launch all of the lifeboats.) Both captains ordered that women and children be given first priority on the boats. (In the case of the Titanic there simply were not enough boats for everyone.
(Their article appears in PNAS.) Despite the different reasons for sinking, the tales of the two ships carry some remarkable similarities: Both ships carried a similar composition of passengers and were unable to accommodate everyone aboard on the lifeboats. The tragic voyages of the RMS Titanic and RMS Lusitania have provided a group of economists with an an opportunity to compare how people behave under extreme conditions. Sunk: May 7, 1915, torpedoed by a German U-boat.Sunk: April 14, 1912, collided with an iceberg.
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